unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Line_Polish_Legion ポーランド人軍団は戦列歩兵部隊で、敵本隊に射撃を行ったり銃剣突撃を行えます。 False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Line_Provincial_Ottoman_Nizam_I_Cedit These soldiers are drilled and equipped in the European line infantry style. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Line_Prussian_Musketeers These line infantry soldiers are skilled in giving fire and pressing home an attack with the bayonet, but at the expense of dash and initiative. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Line_Russian_Moscow_Musketeers The Moscow Musketeers are a versatile force of line infantry. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Line_Russian_Musketeers Musketeers are line infantry, able to attack with fixed bayonets or fire disciplined volleys into an enemy’s ranks. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Line_Swiss_Foot These men are able to unleash a volley of fire and then go forwards in a decisive bayonet charge. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Melee_Ottoman_Cemaat_Janissaries These sword-armed soldiers are professional warriors, the heirs to a centuries’ old tradition of strict training. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Militia_Austrian_Landesschutzen これらの兵士達はライフル銃で武装した民兵で、他の民兵部隊に対してとても効果的です。 False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Militia_French_National_Guard The National Guard is a militia armed with muskets and bayonets, and relatively cheap to recruit. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Militia_Militia 民兵は装備が貧弱で練度も低くなりがちですが、公共の秩序を保つには理想的です。 False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Militia_Ottoman_Libyan_Bedouin These militia troops are an ideal garrison force, and can help maintain public order in desert regions. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Militia_Ottoman_Palestinian_Auxiliaries These troops are an infantry militia who help maintain public order. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Militia_Ottoman_Peasant_Levy These men are dragged from the fields, perhaps given muskets, and then herded in the direction of the enemy. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Militia_Prussian_Landwehr ラントヴェールの兵士たちはマスケット銃と銃剣で武装しており、 母国を守ることに長けています。 False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Mob_Armed_Citizenry In times of desperation, the people must defend their homes and loved ones from the monstrous, rapacious attacks of foreigners! False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Skirm_Austrian_Windbucshe_Jager これらの散兵達は隠密戦術の達人で、 火打石銃の代わりに珍しいライフル銃身の空気銃で武装しています。 False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Skirm_British_Rifles Armed with a tough, accurate rifled musket, the Rifles are an elite skirmishing force. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Skirm_French_Voltiguers これらのマスケット銃で武装した散兵は、遮蔽物を使うことに非常に優れており、 待ち伏せに便利です。 False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Skirm_Jager この軽歩兵達は優れた射撃手であり、敵を遠距離から攻撃するのに最適です。 False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Skirm_Nizam_I_Cedit_Rifles These troops of the “new model” army are armed, equipped and trained in the latest European fashion. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Skirm_Norwegian_Ski_Troops These men are a superb force of crack marksmen, able to hit targets with almost supernatural accuracy. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Skirm_Portuguese_Tiradores Sharpshooters and expert woodsmen all, the Tiradores are Portugal’s elite rifle corps. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Inf_Skirm_Prussian_Silesian_Schuetzen Elite rifle-armed troops, these men are crack shots and skilled in skirmish warfare. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Mounted_Inf_Ottoman_Mounted_Nizam_I_Cedit Armed with muskets and swords, these soldiers are can fight mounted and on foot. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Mounted_Inf_Russian_Mounted_Rifles Mounted Riflemen are skirmishers and snipers without peer, picking off leaders to sow confusion in enemy ranks. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Mounted_Inf_Spanish_Mounted_Cazadores These mounted light infantry help to slow the enemy advance and keep their own line untroubled by enemy skirmishers. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Mounted_Inf_Swedish_Mounted_Jager As mounted skirmishers these men harass the enemy and screen the main body of an army. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Placeholder Placeholder False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Small_Brig A brig is a lightly-armed, two-masted sailing ship, with exceptional handling and sailing qualities. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Small_French_Corvette Corvettes are small warships, handy to sail, and armed with a small number of 9-pounder guns. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Small_Galley A galley does not rely solely on the wind to move: banks of oars and rowers below deck make it manoeuvrable and handy. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Small_Sloop A sloop-of-war is a very manoeuvrable sailing vessel, with enough firepower to sting larger opponents at the very least. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Special_Bomb_Ketch This is a small, two-masted ketch-rigged vessel, adapted to carry a single large mortar upon its forward deck. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Special_Rocket_Ship A rocket ship is a floating battery, able to set any enemy vessel afire with a horrendous bombardment. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Steam_Ship_38 A steam-powered ship is not at the mercy of the wind, a valuable attribute for any admiral. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Steam_Ship_80 A steamship has sails but the engine gives it the tactical ability to ignore the wind in battle. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Steam_Ship_British_Ironclad This steamship carries an extra covering of iron plates, armouring the already strong wooden hull. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Steam_Ship_Frigate Quick and manoeuvrable, this frigate can sail against the wind thanks to its two enormous paddle wheels. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Trade_Ship_Dhow A dhow is a traditional Arab vessel, with a lateen sail. It is armed, but is primarily a trade ship. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Trade_Ship_Indiaman The Indiaman is an armed merchant ship, built for trade between Europe and the East. It can defend itself in need. False
unit_description_texts_description_text_Trade_Ship_Merchantmen The merchantman is built for trade, although it does carry a few light guns for defence. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_2_Decker_50 \n\nShips-of-the-line are the mainstay of fighting fleets; they are strong and stable gun platforms for battering enemy fleets to pieces. A 50-gun ship-of-the-line is a square-rigged, two-deck vessel, carrying two calibres of cannon: 24- and 18-pounders, with the heavier guns mounted on the lower deck. Though cheap compared to other two-deck warships, their broadside is still effective at close range, and best employed against frigates and smaller craft. A 50-gun ship should not be expected to last long in combat against larger battleships.\n\nBy the 1750s it was obvious that 50-gun ships lacked the hull strength and firepower to stand in the line of battle against larger vessels. Because of their size, there was a new production of British 50-gun ships to serve in shallow coastal waters during the American Revolution but, apart from this, their usefulness in battle was largely over. Various national admiralties removed these small battle ships from active service, or sent them to minor overseas stations where they were unlikely to encounter powerful enemies. Some survived as converted troop transports. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_2_Decker_64 \n\nThe 64-gun ship may lack some of the firepower of the other ships-of-the-line, but it still has a respectable broadside, and can be constructed at a lower cost. It can be regarded as a stepping stone between 50- and 74-gun ships, with more broadside weight than the first yet with a faster reloading time than the second thanks to its lighter cannons. Opinions differ as to whether this is a happy compromise.\n\nThe Royal Navy classed a 64-gun ship as a “third rate” ship, normally a classification reserved for 74-gun ships. Although small, the 64 was not without supporters: Captain Horatio Nelson’s favourite ship was HMS Agamemnon, a 64 built at Bucklers Hard in the New Forest. His crew, often called Agamemnons, loyally followed Nelson to his subsequent ships and successes. The Agamemnon itself was used by the Royal Navy during the American and French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic War and was at the Battle of Trafalgar. After nearly 30 years of hard service it ran aground off South America, but the entire crew survived the wreck. The "Eggs and Bacon", as the crew called it, looked after its men to the last. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_2_Decker_74 \n\nThe 74 is a supremely practical naval weapon and regarded as the best balance between defensive strength and manoeuvrability. A two-deck design, it is strong enough to mount very heavy 32-pounder cannons on its lower gun deck. These, when combined with the upper deck’s 18-pounders, give it a devastating broadside, although this is best delivered at close quarters.\n\nThe French developed the 74-gun ship concept in the mid-18th Century. The design was so good that other navies lost no time in copying it for themselves or taking French ships in action. Many French vessels were made from green timber that “worked” in heavy seas and therefore leaked; the French accepted this because they believed the green timber made the ships resilient. British 74s were well built too, although there was a regrettable tendency to save money by recycling timbers, along with their woodworm and rot, from older vessels!\n\nThe last 74, HMS Implacable, was finally scuttled in 1949! Built in 1800 by the French, and then captured by the British at Trafalgar in 1805, she stayed in active service until 1842. She ended her days as a coal hulk. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_2_Decker_80 \n\nThese large two-decker ships-of-the-line can hold more and heavier guns than most two-deck vessels. They carry 32- and 24-pounders. These powerful cannon do not have the fast reloading times of lighter pieces, but make up for that with weight of shot. It is most advantageous for a captain to hold his fire until close to the enemy, in order to do the maximum possible damage.\n\nHistorically, the “new pattern” 80-gun ship with two decks was considered a success. The previous three-deck 80s had been somewhat unwieldy in action. In 1758, the French 80-gun Foudroyant fought an action against HMS Monmouth (66 guns, third rate) off Cartagena in Spain. The fight lasted for over four hours, and only came to an end when HMS Swiftsure (70 guns, third rate) joined the battle. Foudroyant was captured. Once brought back to England, Foudroyant was refitted and repaired. In a further upset for the French, in 1782 HMS Foudroyant captured another French ship, the Pegase, earning her then-captain, John Jervis, a knighthood for the feat. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_2_Decker_HMS_Elephant \n\nLike all ships-of-the-line, HMS Elephant is not a handy ship, being slow and unresponsive to the helm. Good sailing qualities, however, are secondary to the weight of broadside that she can both deliver and withstand. This is important in a warship that is intended to form the centrepiece of any squadron and possibly act as an admiral’s flagship.\n\nBuilt on the River Hamble in Hampshire, an estuary with a centuries-old shipbuilding industry, HMS Elephant was one of a class of 12 third-rate, 74-gun warships. The class was designed by Sir Thomas Slade, possibly the best naval architect of his time, and most were built by private contractors using standardised plans. HMS Elephant was chosen by Vice-Admiral Nelson to be his squadron flagship at the Battle of Copenhagen (1801), thanks to her shallow draft, which was considered a useful feature when attacking a fleet at anchor. Another Slade-designed ship, HMS Victory, carried the promoted Viscount Nelson to his final victory and death at Trafalgar in 1805. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_3_Decker_106 \n\nWhile these warships are among the most powerful vessels afloat, they are lubberly sailors, being both slow and unresponsive. This is not a serious shortcoming because, armed with 106 cannons firing 32-, 24-, and 18-pounder balls on their three decks, they deliver a terrible and destructive broadside. They actually have more artillery than most land armies! Their cost, however, is a drawback and few navies can afford to build or maintain more than a handful of them.\n\nHistorically, 106-gun ships-of-the-line were never common, and hardly ever sent to overseas stations. They were pure battleships, existing only to fight in set-piece actions, and not for mundane duties such as protecting merchantmen, policing the seas and hunting down privateers. They were commissioned and richly decorated as a physical representation of the glory of the state, but this practice went into decline as warfare became more intense, forcing ships to become more functional. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_3_Decker_86 \n\nThis three-deck warship is a design compromise between wanting the firepower of a “first rate” battleship with the sea-keeping qualities of a 74-gun ship. Like many compromises, the result is not perfect, but the extra weight of fire in the broadside does compensate for poor sailing qualities. The design does have one unexpected benefit: enemy captains are often quick to identify this ship as a much larger vessel and run from a superior enemy!\n\nThe lower gun deck houses 32-pounders, and this explains the “tumblehome” shape: the bulge at water level and just above in the hull allows more room on the lower decks for the recoil of large cannons. Lighter guns on the higher decks did not recoil to the same extent.\n\nHistorically, only the British Royal Navy commissioned ships of this “second rate” class; other nations built large “first rates” instead. This was probably due to the Royal Navy’s need for large ships to act as flagships on foreign stations, an assignment that would have been wasteful and expensive for a very large ship. The second rate did retain some of the more favourable qualities of a first rate, including a robust hull. During the Battle of Cape Saint Vincent (1780) HMS Blenheim fought the Santissima Trinidad and took 105 hits to the hull, but only 13 crew members were killed and 48 wounded. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_3_Decker_British_2nd_Rate \n\nThis three-deck warship is a modified “second rate” ship, and the addition of extra guns alters the balance of the vessel and consequently its handling. While a normal second rate is somewhat lumbering, this ship is even less handy and responsive to the helm. The benefits in terms of additional firepower do, however, handsomely compensate for a loss of manoeuvrability.\n\nHistorically, the 98-gun ship was created by simply adding extra guns to the quarterdeck and increasing the weight of some of the other cannon. However, few nations chose to commission original ships of this type, preferring to build normal “first rates” instead. Only the Royal Navy bothered, as it needed large ships to act as flagships on overseas postings. Nine 98-gun ships were ordered during the French Revolutionary Wars, including HMS Boyne and HMS Union, both ship names emphasising loyalty to the British Crown. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_3_Decker_British_Heavy_1st_Rate \n\nLike most large ships-of-the-line, this vessel is a terrifying sight for enemies and with good reason: its broadside is enormous. Each side of the ship, let alone the whole thing, has more guns than many land armies can boast! Such firepower, however, makes the ship heavy and cumbersome under sail. This is little comfort to those caught by its broadside. Equally, the price of the vessel and its high upkeep costs are little comfort to enemies either.\n\nHistorically, ships as large and heavily protected as this over-sized first rate were incredibly expensive to maintain and required a large crew. They were often used as admiral’s flagships, as there was plenty of room for the admiral and his staff. The term flagship originates from the officers' custom of hanging distinctive pennants to denote their presence. These flags were often rather large: Lord Howe’s Union flag for use aboard his Royal Navy ship was 12-by-17 feet in size. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_4_Decker_Spanish_Santissima_Trinidad \n\nThe Santissima Trinidad is, however, an unwieldy beast and hardly responsive to the helm. This, however, is entirely secondary to the enormous firepower that her captain has at his command. There is no ship in the world to rival her and few that even bear comparison.\n\nBuilt in Havana in 1769, the Santissima Trinidad was the pride of the Spanish navy. Although a masterpiece of contemporary construction techniques, she was built to a very old-fashioned design principle. Most naval architects were beginning to realise that overall functionality was more important than size and firepower, but this ship harked back to a time when a hefty broadside was the only consideration. It was obvious to many experienced Spanish officers that her power lay in defence, but this was overlooked and she was put to sea with the fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar (1805). She lost her sails under heavy fire from the British ships and was eventually forced to surrender, crippled and unable to bring her guns to bear, by HMS Neptune. Unfortunately, she was lost at sea during a storm after the battle. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Fix_Ottoman_Bombardment_Mortars \n\nTo the uneducated eye, a mortar looks like a large, stumpy cooking pot, set at an angle in a heavy wooden frame. Indeed, the weapon’s name may even come from its similarity to the mortars used to grind spices. Mortars use indirect fire, firing their percussive shells and quicklime high into the air to plunge down on enemy positions.\n\nUnlike a howitzer, a mortar uses a fixed, and relatively small, charge of gunpowder to propel its shell. Range is adjusted by changing the angle of fire; accuracy is subject to winds and weather. There is also a practical minimum range to mortar fire as the weapon cannot be aimed in a near-vertical position. The men that handle them are incredibly vulnerable to fast moving cavalry.\n\nModern mortars owe their widespread use to trench warfare in the First World War. Current designs, based on the British Stokes trench mortar, come in many sizes. Most can fire shells with proximity fuses as anti-personnel rounds. The larger examples can fire sophisticated “smart” munitions that guide themselves onto targets. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Fix_Rocket_Troop \n\nThe rockets these troops employ are iron tubes filled with gunpowder propellant; when fired in large volleys, the noise alone is unnerving and has a negative effect on enemy morale. Each rocket is laid in an angled launcher, and it is the job of the artilleryman to correctly judge the angle of launch so that the rockets drop in the middle of the enemy. He also needs to take into account wind, as the long tails of the rockets make them inaccurate. The fixed nature of this artillery means the crewmen are incredibly vulnerable to attack, especially from fast moving cavalry.\n\nHistorically, it was the Indian war rockets used by Tippu Sultan of Mysore that introduced Europeans to rocket bombardment. The British copied these weapons as the Congreve rocket system, and used them aboard ships as well as on land. A rocket troop was present at the final defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815, although accounts of their effectiveness vary. Congreve’s system even included illumination rounds to light up the battlefield! False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Foot_12_lber \n\nその名前にも関わらず、歩兵砲は馬によって牽引されますが、 砲手たちは馬に乗らずに大砲の脇を行進します。 大砲には実体弾か葡萄弾を装填出来たので、遠距離でも近距離でも効果的でした。 葡萄弾は大砲を巨大なショットガンに変えます。 砲兵は他の兵種より移動が遅く、もし置いて行かれて無防備になると、 騎兵からの攻撃に脆弱になります。 将軍にとって敵の砲兵を無力化することは常に高い優先順位を持つものであり、 砲手達は自らの防御の為に最も初歩的な剣術技能しか持っていません。\n\n18世紀末までに、設計の改良により大砲とその野戦砲車の重量は劇的に軽くなり、 行軍態勢から攻撃態勢への移行にかかる時間も短くなっていました。 正確に砲身を砲車の中心に置くことにより、バランスと操作性は格段に良くなりました。 ナポレオンは砲兵隊出身で、彼の敵戦列の狭い範囲に対する砲兵の集中使用は、 多くの国々に砲兵部隊の拡張を余儀なくさせました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Foot_7_lber_Howitzer \n\n榴弾砲は直射砲と迫撃砲や他の主力砲兵のどこか中間に位置するものでした。 直射砲のように、ゆっくりかもしれませんが、移動できました。目標に向かって 真っ直ぐ射撃するのではなく、砲弾を目標に突っ込む様に空高く撃ち上げます。 榴弾砲は装薬量や射角を多様に変化させることが出来たので、ほとんど垂直に 壁を飛び越える砲弾を撃ち上げることができます。 この様な能力があるので、敵が密集している地帯を砲撃するには最適です。 近距離戦では、直接敵陣に何百ものマスケット銃弾で敵を吹き飛ばす葡萄弾を発射できます。\n\n歴史的には、照準は不正確で、着弾しても必ずしも敵に損害を 与えるわけではなかったのですが、弾道学は不完全理解の学問ではありませんでした。 不規則な風で砲弾はコースをそれることがありました。 信管はまだ砲弾が砲身の中にある間に点火されなければならず、 導線の長さは砲弾の飛翔時間に合う様に決定されました。 導線が短すぎると、砲弾は空中で炸裂しますし、 長すぎると、砲弾が爆発する前に敵が信管を抜き取ってしまうことが出来たでしょう！ False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Foot_Experimental_Howitzer \n\n榴弾砲は直射砲と迫撃砲や他の主力砲兵のどこか中間に位置するものでした。 直射砲のように、ゆっくりかもしれませんが、移動できました。目標に向かって 真っ直ぐ射撃するのではなく、砲弾を目標に突っ込む様に空高く撃ち上げます。 榴弾砲は装薬量や射角を多様に変化させることが出来たので、ほとんど垂直に 壁を飛び越える砲弾を撃ち上げることができます。 この様な能力があるので、敵が密集している地帯を砲撃するには最適です。 近距離戦では、直接敵陣に何百ものマスケット銃弾で敵を吹き飛ばす葡萄弾を発射できます。 またこれらの試作型砲兵は敵の建造物を攻撃するカーカス弾や 腐食性の薬品で敵兵を毒殺する生石灰弾を射撃できました。\n\n歴史的には、照準は不正確で、着弾しても必ずしも敵に損害を 与えるわけではなかったのですが、弾道学は不完全理解の学問ではありませんでした。 不規則な風で砲弾はコースをそれることがありました。 信管はまだ砲弾が砲身の中にある間に点火されなければならず、 導線の長さは砲弾の飛翔時間に合う様に決定されました。 導線が短すぎると、砲弾は空中で炸裂しますし、 長すぎると、砲弾が爆発する前に敵が信管を抜き取ってしまうことが出来たでしょう！ False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Foot_French_Artillerie_a_Pied \n\nこの精鋭部隊は正確で致命的ですが、高速移動する騎兵や接近戦に脆弱であるという 弱点があります。これらの大砲を扱う砲兵達は剣も装備していますが、 自分たちを効果的に防御できるように訓練されていません。 その力は大砲にあり、彼らを前線から目立たない距離に置くのが賢明です。\n\n1808年に組織された徒歩砲兵隊は6個中隊の砲兵と1個中隊の橋梁工兵から成っていました。 橋梁工兵は仮橋を建造することに責任を負い、 砲兵は迅速かつ安全に射撃位置に移動できました。 工兵と砲兵の間で、誰が部隊の指揮をとるのかで幾らか議論がありましたが、 結局砲兵が指揮官として適任であると決定されました。 橋梁工兵はたった7時間で、60〜80個の浮橋用ボートから成る、およそ500フィート もしくは150メートル長の仮橋を建造できました。また彼らは補給が少ない場合は、 手に入るあらゆる物を使って橋を作ることで知られていました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Foot_Grand_Battery_Convention \n\nWith twice as many guns as an ordinary artillery unit, the Grand Battery is an exceptionally strong unit. Its cannons have both a long range and tremendous killing power. However, it is vulnerable to cavalry attack even when not emplaced, as it is slow moving. The gun crews are only armed with swords and relatively untrained in hand-to-hand combat. Fighting is not their task: serving the guns is their only duty.\n\nThe Grand Battery was the turning point of Napoleon Bonaparte’s career: he was promoted to brigadier-general thanks to his skills and drive. As a trained artillerist, he knew that the real killing power in an army was in the heavy guns, not musketry or sabres. The idea of a Grand Battery was used in many of his later battles. It relied on weight of fire against a single section of an enemy line to blow a hole through any enemy defences. Against the storm of shot that a grand battery could produce, flesh stood little chance. The best defence was to use a reverse slope and hide behind the crest of a hill, rather than endure such a bombardment. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Foot_Italian_Guard_Foot_Artillery \n\nThis elite artillery unit is capable causing a swathe of devastation and chaos in the enemy. Though very precise, it does have the disadvantage of being vulnerable to fast moving cavalry and melee attacks. The soldiers who man these guns should not be expected to defend themselves in melee for very long: they are gunners, not warriors. Their power lies in the cannons, so placing them at a safe distance from the fray is advisable.\n\nHistorically, the French army owed the success of its artillery to Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. The son of a magistrate, he entered the French Royal Artillery as a volunteer, and quickly rose through the ranks. After becoming lieutenant-general and commander of the order of St Louis in 1765, he fell out of favour with the royal court and only returned in 1776, when he obtained the position of first inspector of artillery. It was during this time that he began a series of reforms that revolutionised French cannon production. His Gribeauval System of standardised components was adopted by other nations, including the United States. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Foot_Russian_10_lber_Unicorn \n\nThis impressive piece of artillery, named for the unicorn traditionally engraved on the barrel, has fantastic range capabilities and fires a wide array of shot types. A howitzer and cannon hybrid, the unicorn is operated by skilled artillerymen who, although expertly trained in the firing of cannons, lack skills required for effective defence in melee. However, the power and versatility of the unicorn guns on the battlefield more than make up for this weakness.\n\nThe first unicorn was cast by Andrey Chokhov, a Russian gun founder who began his career during the reign of Ivan the Terrible (1547-84). He supervised the creation of many of Russia’s most famous artillery pieces including the behemoth “Tsar Pushka”, or Tsar Cannon. This masterpiece was commissioned by Tsar Feodor and weighed a whopping 38 metric tons. It originally sat on a wooden carriage that was later destroyed during Napoleon’s attack on Moscow in 1812. It now sits in the Kremlin next to the “Tsar Bell”, the biggest bell ever made but never rung. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Horse_6_lber \n\n騎兵砲兵によって使用された大砲は、他の砲兵に比べると射程と火力で劣っていました。 しかし、騎兵砲兵はスピードがすべて！であったのでこれは重要視されませんでした。 騎兵砲兵は迅速に大砲を射撃地点に移動し、展開し、撤収することができました。 彼らは支援が必要な場所に移動し、攻撃して敵の攻勢をくじくことができます。 彼らはどんな将軍にも歓迎される戦術予備兵力であり、敵戦列の弱点につけこむ手段です。\n\n歴史的には、フリードリヒ大王は最も小口径な砲兵でさえ、敵の防衛陣を崩し、 敵を砲撃後に続く歩兵攻撃に無防備にするには十分であると見て取りました。 彼は単なる大口径砲弾よりも、スピードと機動力が重要であるという結論に至りました。 これにより彼は、”ギャロップ”（騎兵用語で馬の駆け足を意味する）の速さで 牽引できる軽砲と６ポンド砲の拡充を命令しました。 フリードリヒの戦術に対する貢献は、ナポレオン自身も認め、 フリードリヒ大王を戦術の達人と賞しました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Horse_French_Artillerie_a_Cheval \n\n騎馬砲兵部隊においては、砲手である全員が乗馬して戦いに向かいます。 グループの中で馬方が先頭の馬に乗り、砲手は砲車に乗ります。 騎馬砲兵は移動速度と火力の間で良いバランスを持っています。 砲手達は高度に経験を積み、訓練されており、大砲について詳細な知識を持っているので、 遠距離から正確で破壊的な砲撃を行うことができます。\n\n歴史的には、これらの兵士達と大砲はナポレオンの皇帝親衛隊の一部で、 皇帝から最高であるとみなされていました。 とても経験を積んだ者か非常に優秀なものだけが入れたので、皇帝親衛隊への入隊は 極端に難しく、親衛砲兵はヨーロッパで最高の砲手であると自慢できました。 騎馬砲兵師団は精鋭の中の精鋭で、全てで最高の物を手にしていました。 1815年に相応しい馬の補給が少なくなると、ナポレオンは彼の最愛の騎馬砲兵に 馬を揃えるため、擲弾騎兵に乗馬をやめる様命令しました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Art_Horse_Italian_Guard_Horse_Artillery \n\nBecause all horse artillery gun crews ride into battle, they can quickly counter enemy threats wherever they appear, and be repositioned as the battle ebbs and flows. Guard artillerymen are experienced gunners and excellent horsemen. Their fire is devastating, and delivered with some urgency.\n\nHistorically, the Guard Horse Artillery was a regiment of Napoleon’s Imperial Guard, the cream of the French military. The Imperial Guard was virtually an army within the army, made up of the Old and Middle Guard, veterans from his previous campaigns, and the Young Guard, the cream of the new recruits. Admittance to the ranks was extremely tough and, because only the very best gained entry, it could also boast the very best gunners in Europe. These elite troops were a grade above the rest of the French army, and enjoyed certain privileges such as better uniforms, food and equipment. They were also carefully looked after by Napoleon, both on and off the battlefield. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_British_Dragoon_Guards \n\n近衛竜騎兵は馬上でも徒歩でも戦うよう訓練されています。 彼らはサーベルと騎兵用マスケット銃を装備していますが、下馬しなければ射撃できません。 彼らは少し衝動的気質なので、他のより訓練された騎兵に劣りますが、 柔軟性と接近戦における能力はとても価値のあるものです。 戦場で戦略的要所に彼らを解き放つことにより、 簡単に全く準備ができていない敵を出し抜くことができます。\n\n竜騎兵は同等の真正騎兵ではなく、成り上がりの歩兵なので、 ”正しい”騎兵連隊の兵士達から下級部隊と見なされがちでした。 彼らは馬上で戦う必要がなかったので、良質の馬を特に必要としませんでした。 それにより、彼らは正規騎兵よりも召集費用と給料が安く上がりました。 イギリス軍において、”近衛竜騎兵”の称号は”真正”騎兵部隊が 竜騎兵に再組織された時に、隊員達の面子を保つ手段として用いられました。 より低い部類の部隊に格下げされたにも関わらず、 彼らは少しの精鋭騎兵気質を持ち続けました。 イギリス軍はまだ近衛竜騎兵部隊を保有しており、 現在彼らは偵察や警備任務を軽戦車を用いて行っています。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_British_Horse_Guards \n\n突撃衝撃力で敵を崩壊させるのが重騎兵の任務です。単純に言えば、 近衛騎兵には敵本隊の隊列を重量とスピードで持って突き崩すことが期待されます。 彼らは追撃用ではありません。追撃はより速く、軽装備の騎兵戦力の仕事です。 その代わり、彼らは敵を突破して完全に混乱させることを狙って、 密集した敵に短距離で体当たりをする強烈な破城槌です。 英国王室近衛部隊の一員であるおかげで、 これらの騎兵達は騎兵突撃という残忍な任務にも品格を与えられています！\n\n歴史的には、ロンドンの王室近衛騎兵パレードは”軍旗敬礼分列式”、 17世紀までさかのぼる習慣のために用意されていました。 戦場で連隊旗は集結地点にあったので、戦闘中に連隊旗が識別されるように、 予め兵士達に見せられたのです。 現在、この式典は統治している専制君主の公式な誕生日を祝うために行われています。 この文章を書いている現在、エリザベス女王は毎年この式典に出席し、 パレード終わりに敬礼を受けています。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_British_Horse_Guards_Uxbridge \n\nHis presence alone is enough to inspire battle-weary troops to fight on, even in the bleakest of situations: a general who carries the respect of his troops (if not his fellow officers) is a valuable asset. Although cavalrymen lead from the front, it is advisable to keep this man away from particularly dangerous fights, for his protection if nothing else.\n\nHenry Paget, the Earl of Uxbridge, later Marquis of Anglesey, was Wellington’s cavalry commander during the 1815 Waterloo campaign. This was not a comfortable arrangement for either of them, as Paget had proved himself to be something less than a gentleman by seducing, and running off with, the wife of Wellington’s youngest brother. This social gaffe put a bit of a crimp on what had been a distinguished military career as a cavalry leader. Nobody denied that Paget was courageous and skilful, but he was a cad and a bounder. He is also the man who had his leg shot off at Waterloo in the middle of a conversation with Wellington. It is not recorded whether their dry exchange of remarks: “By God, sir, I've lost my leg!” and “By God, sir, so you have!” was accompanied by an excusable smirk on Wellington’s behalf. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_British_KGL_Dragoons \n\n乗馬すれば、これらの兵士達は接近戦でとても重い剣を振り回したり、 強力な突撃で敵戦列を崩壊させることができます。 馬に乗って敵の行動に素早く対応し、包囲されている味方に火力支援を行えます。 しかし、騎兵用マスケット銃を撃つ前には下馬しなければなりません。 彼らはしばしば指揮官によって厳しく感情を押さえ込まれる必要がありました。 なぜなら、彼らの戦闘への熱望は、向こう見ずになるかもしれないからです。\n\n1807年、デンマークはイギリス軍への海上支援を拒否しました。 イギリスは、自国としては、デンマークがフランスを支援するかもしれないと恐れたので、 王立ドイツ人部隊の一部がデンマークに送られました。 コペンハーゲンへの道中、第1王立ドイツ人竜騎兵連隊はフリードリヒスベルクの砦に 兵器庫があることを知りました。わずか１個騎兵大隊しか持っていなかったのにも関わらず、 竜騎兵部隊の指揮官クラウヘンベルグ大尉は砦に降伏を求める文書を送りました。 彼は１万人の軍隊が進軍中であると主張しました。彼の誇大な嘘は功を奏し、 王立ドイツ人部隊竜騎兵は驚くほど沢山の敵の銃と弾薬を確保しましたが、 日の出とともに彼らの本当の数がばれてしまいました！ しかしもうその時には、無力なデンマーク軍にとって手遅れになっていました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_British_Life_Guards \n\nライフガーズは戦闘能力と同じように見かけを重要視される精鋭王室連隊でした。 これは彼らの兵士としての能力の重要性を下げるものではありません。 彼らは力強い突撃で敵戦列の最も整った部隊を崩壊させることができ、 戦闘における彼らの能力はほとんど比類ないものです。 しかしながら、彼らは自分達の誇りで少しせっかちになるかもしれません。 彼らは他の騎兵部隊が持っている統制を欠いており、全ての騎兵同様、 方陣を組んだ歩兵に対しては非効果的です。\n\n歴史的には、色々な王室近衛騎兵連隊が、 奇妙にも”近衛騎馬擲弾兵”と名づけられているのは変に思えるかもしれません。 馬がどのコンパスの方角にも走らない！とでもならない限り、 もはや彼らは手榴弾を投げたりしないであろうことは、常識として分かりそうなものでした。 イギリス軍において、騎馬擲弾兵を含む王室騎兵連隊には軍曹が居ませんでしたし、 今も居ません。代わりに”騎兵伍長”が居るのです。 ”軍曹”（sergeant)は”使用人”（servant)と同じ語源を持ち、紳士ではないのです。 兵卒も同じように、紳士ではなく、永遠の使用人です。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_British_Royal_Scots_Greys \n\nThe men of the Greys are each armed with a flintlock carbine and the standard British heavy cavalry sword, a man-killing butcher’s blade of a sword when used from horseback in close combat. Like all Scotsmen, they are sure they are the best soldiers in the world and can fight like the Devil. This may be true, but more disciplined and less impetuous cavalry can beat them.\n\nMore properly called the 2nd Royal North British Dragoons, the Scots Greys were one of the oldest dragoon regiments in British service. The term “North Britain” was preferred in official circles to “Scotland” after the Act of Union between England and Scotland, and abortive Jacobite rebellions, but the name Scots Greys was used anyway. Distinguished by their all-grey mounts, the 2nd RNBD achieved immortality as part of the Union Brigade in Uxbridge’s magnificent and successful heavy cavalry charge against the French centre at Waterloo. Sergeant Charles Ewart of the 2nd RNBD captured an Eagle in the action, but the whole of the British heavy cavalry were not kept in-hand, and were “blown” for the rest of the battle. Lady Elizabeth Butler’s painting “Scotland Forever” depicts their charge in all its glory, and remains one of the finest examples of patriotic art ever created. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Carabiniers \n\n Carabiniers are a brute force unit, used to deal the final blow that drives an enemy from the field of battle. They are excellent close combat troops. Their only weakness is against well-disciplined elite infantry who are capable of forming a square: this combination can prove deadly to this slow-moving unit. As heavy cavalry they are not expected to chase down an enemy, as this is a job better saved for light cavalry forces.\n\nFollowing the French Revolution, many of the royal corps in the French army were abolished and French carabiniers had every reason to expect that the same fate awaited them. In an attempt to preserve the traditions and privileges of their corps they sent Colonel Comte de Pradel to appeal to the Legislative Assembly. After a vote the new organisation of the French cavalry was decided. The carabiniers remained in service but became known as the ‘Grenadiers des troupes a cheval’ and their gold-trimmed hat was replaced with a peaked bearskin cap. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Cuirassiers \n\n重く、真っ直ぐな剣を装備し、鎧を着ている胸甲騎兵は近接騎兵です。 もし胸甲騎兵が敵の中に飛び込むことができれば、彼らは凄まじい活躍をすることができ、 胸甲と重い兜により戦闘中幾らか防御手段があります。 彼らは敵の歩兵から本当に恐れられており、 敬意をもって彼らを扱わない他の騎兵部隊は愚かです。 この堂々とした強さに対する対価は速さです。 胸甲騎兵は素早く、高速な騎兵からは程遠いです。 彼らはヘビー級の殺し屋なのです。\n\n多くの点で、胸甲騎兵は古い戦闘スタイルに立ち返っています。 火器の使用の普及により鎧がその価値よりも扱いにくいものとなるまで、 常に騎兵は鎧をまとっていました。 しかしながら、その見かけの壮大さは戦場での彼らの価値を高めました。 彼らの”ミネルバ”型の兜はそこに巨大な部隊が居るという印象を単純に高めました。 意図された効果は敵を怖がらせることでしたが、それはうまくいきました。 胸甲騎兵はいつも大きな馬に乗った大きな兵士で、 どんな弱い敵に対しても突撃衝撃力を用いるようによく訓練されていました。 フランス軍は戦闘装備としての胸甲を1915年にようやく廃止しました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Dragoons \n\n竜騎兵の強さはその用途の広さにあります。 騎乗し壮観な突撃を行ったり、戦場で火力が必要な決定点に乗馬で移動できます。 下馬すれば、白兵戦を行ったり先込め式マスケット銃で敵を攻撃できます。 また、この柔軟性は彼らの最大の弱点でもあります。 他の騎兵に比べて移動が遅く、重騎兵や精鋭歩兵相手では苦戦するでしょう。\n\n歴史的には、最初の竜騎兵部隊は戦場に乗馬で移動して 徒歩で戦う様に訓練された歩兵でした。 騎兵部隊に馬を当てるのは非常に費用がかかるので、 いつも馬は”本当の”騎兵のためにとっておくのが最善でした。 竜騎兵に残りの馬をあてがうのは、安く、動きの鈍い軍馬を有効利用するためでした。 竜騎兵は他と同じように、ゆっくりと騎兵へと変わって行き、 騎乗歩兵として戦うことをやめてしまいましたが、連隊に竜騎兵の名前は残りました。 ”昔ながら”の騎兵はいつも竜騎兵を社会的に低く見てきており、 歩兵は竜騎兵が正しい歩兵になりきらないので憤慨していました。 なので、竜騎兵達は自分たちを本格騎兵と見なす新しい認識を歓迎しました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_French_Carabiniers \n\nカラビニエは、もはや彼らの名の起源である騎兵銃（カービン、フランス語読みでカラビニエ） を必ずしも装備しているわけではなかったのですが、敵から尊敬され、 それと同量の恐怖も与えていました。 彼らは射撃能力よりも、真っ直ぐで重い剣使って、敵を掻き分け、突き崩し、 四散させる強力な突撃を用います。彼らの馬は騎兵用の馬の中では最も低速なので、 予備騎兵として使うよりも計画的な攻撃での使用に最適です。\n\n歴史的には、カラビニエ騎兵は王党派の起源でしたが、他の王室部隊とは違い、 フランス革命の間に解隊されることを免れ、 代わりにフランス軍で新しく再編成された騎兵部隊に職を得ました。 それにもかかわらず、カラビニエ騎兵にははまだ一部王党派支持者がおり、 たびたび革命政府と衝突しました。ナポレオンが権力を得ると、 彼はカラビニエ騎兵達の忠誠を得るために彼らに”名誉の軍隊”という称号を与えました。 これは成功しました。18089年にオーストリア軍との戦闘でカラビニエ騎兵の損害が 大きくなると、ナポレオンは彼らの制服を改定し、胸甲と兜を装備させました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_French_Cuirassiers_Murat \n\nThese are big men on big horses, led by Joachim Murat. They wear breastplates and reinforced helmets for protection in close combat, and can charge home with terrific force too. They carry heavy, straight swords which they can use to fearsome man-killing effect. A wise commander uses Murat’s force as a battering ram to punch a hole in an enemy line.\n\nJoachim Murat was executed by firing squad in 1815. He met death with the same courage he always showed in battle, rejecting the offered blindfold. Early in his career he impressed Napoleon by securing the artillery that repulsed the Royalists during the 13 Vendemiaire fighting. He was repaid by being named King of Naples and Sicily. Although brave in battle, Napoleon feared that Murat had no moral courage and little intelligence. This was the case, as he turned against his former master and, when that didn’t work, tried to ingratiate himself again. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_French_Cuirassiers_Ney \n\nThese big men mounted on big horses are led by General Michel Ney, and their primary task is to crash into enemy forces and engage in hand-to-hand combat. To this end, they wear “cuirass”; back and breast armoured plates over leather padding, along with reinforced metal helmets. They carry heavy straight swords. A wise commander with a cuirassier force uses it as a battering ram to hit the enemy at a critical point.\n\nIn 1799, ex-civil servant Michel Ney began his career as a hussar and by 1799 his talents had already made him a general de division. He was soon taken under Napoleon’s wing and given control of the VI Corps of the Grande Armee. He continued to serve with distinction, finally earning recognition for his bravery during Napoleon’s campaign against Russia. Whilst leading the III Corps, he and his troops were overcome by the enemy and deemed lost, but Ney managed to cut his way through the Russian lines and returned to Napoleon, who dubbed him “the bravest of the brave”. His foolish charge at Waterloo in 1815, however brave, ruined the French cavalry for the remainder of the battle. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_French_Grenadiers_a_Cheval \n\n擲弾騎兵は最も大きく強靭な軍馬に乗っています。 比較的低速ですが、敵の中に突撃すればほぼ確実に手痛い損害を与えます。 接近戦になっても、擲弾騎兵は十分強靭なので殺戮を続けることができます。 歩兵の方陣に突撃したり、良く訓練された精鋭歩兵相手に戦うのは厄介ですが、 それでも、彼らは攻撃時に見せる同じ決意でもって死を受け入れます。\n\n現代から見ると、擲弾騎兵という発想はかなり奇妙に見えます。 最初の手榴弾の炸裂で馬が確実にパニックになってしまったのでは？ 他のすべての擲弾兵同様、擲弾騎兵は肉体的な質で選ばれた大きな兵士達でした。 擲弾兵と認められるには、体格が良く、幾つかの戦いを経験し、 勇猛さを表彰されていなければなりませんでした。 大きな黒い馬に乗り、黒毛皮高帽を被っていたので、彼らの存在は恐ろしく、 仲間のフランス軍兵士達から”巨人”や”神”とあだ名されていました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Garde_du_Corp \n\nThe Garde du Corp are elite cavalry, but they are also a court regiment where appearance is as important as fighting ability. As gentlemen they are hardly expected to associate with the common sort of soldier, and this attitude makes them unpopular with the rest of the army. However, regardless of the way they are perceived, only the best and toughest can enter the Corp, and many an enemy has met their maker at the end of their heavy swords or beneath the hooves of their thunderous charging steeds.\n\nHistorically, the Garde du Corp was the royal household cavalry, charged with the protection of the king and his household. During Napoleon’s reign as Emperor they were disbanded, although Napoleon did have an equivalent unit within his Imperial Guard. As with the Household Cavalry in Britain, household guard regiments did not, and do not, have sergeants: they have a “corporal of horse” or the equivalent. The word “sergeant” has the same origins as “servant”, and no gentleman, no matter what his rank, is ever a servant. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Italian_Guards_of_Honour \n\nThese men make excellent melee troops, riding hard into battle with their sabres drawn. Their only weakness is when facing well-disciplined elite infantry in square formation; this combination is one that proves deadly to slow heavy cavalry. Guards of Honour sacrifice speed for power, and are not expected to chase down an enemy. They are a brute force, a fist to smash against an enemy line, used to deal the blow that drives an enemy from the battlefield.\n\nFollowing his disastrous campaign in Russia, Napoleon returned home and set about rebuilding his Grande Armee. Cavalry units were incredibly expensive to recruit, yet Napoleon managed to recruit 10,000 elite horsemen at no expense to France’s budget. He recruited new cavalry units from the nobles and bourgeois, who were expected to provide their own horses, equipment and uniform. In return they would be assured the rank of sous-lieutenant, providing they completed 12 months service. This qualifier was to prove extremely important, as desertion was rife amongst these pampered children of the upper classes. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Life_Guards_of_Horse \n\nThe impact of their charge on an unprotected infantry unit is a heartening sight for nearby comrades, and a terrible one for enemy units. Once their initial charge has shaken the enemy, this unit can then engage in close combat, hacking with their straight heavy swords at anyone unfortunate to still be alive. Though powerful, they are still at a disadvantage against elite infantry and almost any infantry properly formed up in a square.\n\nHistorically, French cavalry were considered among the best during the Napoleonic Wars, despite the French not necessarily having the best individual horsemen. Instead, French cavalry strength lay in the organisation and strict discipline of the regiments. On the battlefield, the French often had remounts ready to take the place of fallen horses. Regiments were trained well enough, and expected, to change formations and strategic positions on the battlefield as and when required. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Ottoman_Silahtar_Guard \n\nFor the Ottomans, military service is not a burden, but an honour and one that men should readily embrace. The greatest honour is reserved for the Silahtar Guard, who are charged with protecting the sultan himself. If needed these troops will lay down their lives for him; such sacrifice demands an iron resolve, and the Silahtar are not easily shaken in battle. They are armed with lances, excellent for breaking through enemy lines with a devastating charge.\n\nBy the end of the 18th century the Ottoman Empire, despite still having an effective military, was not the power it had been. The Ottoman army was under-funded, and many men left the military to find other work. This was especially true of the cavalry. Many of the old feudal Sipahis had disappeared, and even the Silahtar Guard was largely diminished. Recognising the need for modernisation, Sultan Selim III (1789-1807) attempted to reform the Ottoman military along European lines. Unfortunately, the janissaries violently resisted his reforms, resulting in Selim’s murder. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Ottoman_Siphai_Cavalry \n\nThe Siphai are unswervingly faithful and deserving of their elite status. Mounted on the finest horses, they carry ornate lances that are deadly when used at the charge. When delivered to the flanks or rear of an enemy, such a charge often proves decisive in a fight. Their heavy lances mean the Siphai are vulnerable during prolonged melee and against well-trained line infantry.\n\nAs almost feudal fief-holders, Siphai were granted the income from a parcel of land in exchange for their military service, and were expected to supply a number of armed men. They enjoyed the high status common to many cavalry corps, and the disciplined Siphai saw themselves as superior to the oft-unruly janissaries. Rivalry between the two corps was a barely concealed simmering hatred at times. A contributing factor was that Siphai were all ethnic Turks, whereas the janissaries recruited as children from provincial Christian families and converted to the Islamic faith. Despite these petty matters, Siphai represented the best horsemen available to the Sublime Porte. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Prussian_Cuirassiers \n\nThe primary task of cuirassiers is to crash into enemy forces and engage in close-combat. Unlike the cuirassiers of other nations, Prussians disdain the heavy cuirasses worn as protection, relying instead on cold hard steel of their heavy straight swords to win the argument. They nonetheless keep the name. A wise commander with a cuirassier force under his command uses it as a battering ram to hit the enemy at the critical point and is careful not to unleash them too soon or against unshaken, superior troops.\n\nHistorically, Frederick William II issued the order that forbade cuirassiers from wearing the cuirass in 1790. A couple of regiments had already forsaken their heavy armour three years earlier but this order specifically forbade all regiments from wearing the cuirass. The ban remained in place until 1814-1815 when cuirassiers were once again allowed to wear armour, predominantly pieces captured from French troops.\n\nCuirassiers still exist in modern armies, although their armour is now purely ceremonial. The French army still has two regiments of cuirassiers, the Italians have a Presidential Honour Guard and, technically, the Household Cavalry in the British army are also cuirassiers. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Republican_Horse_Guards \n\n Heavy cavalry’s purpose is to break the enemy by shock. Simply put, the Horse Guards are expected to charge home and smash enemy ranks by weight and speed. They are not for chasing down enemies: this is the work of faster, lighter cavalry forces. Instead, they are a battering ram, hurled over short distances against close-formed enemies in the hope of producing a breakthrough and further confusion. However, when confronted by elite infantry in a square formation, these horsemen meet their match and charging blindly in could lead to heavy losses.\n\nHistorically, the Horse Guards Parade buildings in London were designed by William Kent, completed in 1755 and used for the “Trooping of the Colour”, a tradition that continues to this day. Indeed, the Horse Guards, as part of the Blues and Royals, themselves remain a feature of the modern British Army, although they now use tanks rather than horses. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Russian_Chevalier_Garde \n\nThe Chevaliers Garde is the senior unit of the Russian Imperial Guard cavalry, charged with the personal protection of the Tsar. Only the most experienced troops gain entry into this esteemed unit, and they are as expert in close combat and horsemanship. Armed with straight, heavy cavalry swords and protected by cuirasses, they are a force to be respected. As heavy cavalry, however, they can rarely keep pace with the light cavalry.\n\nIn 1800, the Russian Chevaliers Garde regiment was formed by Tsar Paul, a reorganisation of the existing Chevalier Guard corps. It had been a ceremonial regiment, but after 1800 the Garde were an active field force as well. This apparently egalitarian fairness in expecting his bodyguards to actually do some fighting was about as far as Paul’s levelling instinct went. Other reforms he carried out included shutting down all private printing presses in Russia and the banning of the words “society”, “revolution” and “citizen”. If you can’t write or talk about ideas, perhaps the ideas will die… False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Russian_Lifeguard_Horse \n\nThe Lifeguard Horse troops are members of Russia’s Imperial Guard. They are a terrifying sight to behold on the battlefield. In close combat, they wield straight heavy cavalry swords and the armour they wear provides them with protection against enemy blows. Their horses are slow, but very strong, and they use them to batter and intimidate enemy infantry with powerful cavalry charges.\n\nIn 1800, army reforms split the Tsar’s Lifeguard cavalry into several different regiments: the Horse Guards, Lifeguard Hussars, Lifeguard Cossacks and, most senior of all, the Chevalier-Garde. The Lifeguard first saw action against Napoleon in the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805, but were driven back by cavalry of Napoleon’s own Imperial Guard. It was Napoleon’s victory at Austerlitz that effectively destroyed the Third Coalition against France and thereby altered European politics. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Heavy_Spanish_Guardias_da_Corp \n\nThese cavalrymen are expected to protect the king and his household, but they are not just a court regiment for show. With a powerful charge, they can deal a devastating blow to an enemy line. However, their horses are slow moving and, like all cavalry, vulnerable to infantry in square. As heavy cavalry they are little use chasing down enemies; they are at their best when used to deal a crushing blow to an enemy.\n\nHistorically, Spain’s reputation as a European power had suffered greatly under the rule of the Hapsburg family and Charles II. However, King Carlos III instigated a cultural revival, and his reign quickly became known as the “Ilustracion”. The arts, sciences and economy flourished as intellectuals embraced new ideas from all over the globe and travelled Europe to broaden their understanding. The army also saw a marked improvement, thanks to forward-thinking generals, who attempted to emulate the French army, correctly regarded as the best in western Europe. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Lancer_Austrian_Ulans \n\nLike all lancers, it is their weapons that give them a distinct advantage in the first seconds of contact. A unit of lancers, charging into the attack, is frightening indeed to the targets of their ire. However, a lance is not the handiest of weapons in a melee, so the ulans should break off, reform and charge anew rather than stay in hand-to-hand combat. Like all shock cavalry, they should not be thrown into ill-considered attacks against prepared or elite infantry in square formations.\n\nThe Austrian decision to raise lancer regiments was a consequence of conquering former Polish provinces: Polish manpower was there to be exploited, and Poles were regarded as expert lancers. The first units were raised by the order of Emperor Joseph II (1741-90), but it was under his successor, Leopold, that the first proper regiments were created. The Poles had a long tradition of fielding lancer regiments, and the Austrians made full use of this experience. Ulans were armed, dressed, and trained in a distinctly Polish style: the rank and file were also mostly Polish speakers. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Lancer_French_7th_Lancers \n\n槍はおそらく最も古い騎兵用武器でしょう。 槍を使えば、突撃時に使い手は自分と馬の体重をとても鋭い一点に載せることができます。 熟練兵の手にかかれば、その一点で人を貫くことができます。 それゆえ、槍騎兵と対面することは恐ろしいですが、 もし標的を殺せなければ、槍騎兵は脆弱になります。 槍は剣よりも接近戦で扱いづらいので、槍騎兵は不利になるのです。 これは方陣を組むことができる良く訓練された歩兵に対しても同じです。\n\n歴史的には、多くの国が槍騎兵を使用しました。 ナポレオンはポーランド人槍騎兵さえ彼の皇帝親衛隊の一部として召集しました。 驚くことに、それぞれの騎兵連隊の種類ごとに、 使用される戦術の為に特に設計された馬具を必要としました。 槍騎兵の鞍はブナ材から作られ、黒革で覆われて鉄製のバンドで補強されていました。 彼らの鞍は、ピストルを入れるホルスターと、武器と騎手の下半身を保護するための 厚い羊皮を必要とした、より精巧な竜騎兵の鞍とは違っていました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Lancer_Lancers \n\nThe lance is probably among the oldest of cavalry weapons. It gives the user a chance to put all his weight and that of his charging horse into one very sharp point. A lance that can, in skilled hands, be driven right through any enemy. When coupled with the fast pace of their horses, a lancer’s charge is very intimidating. However, if the lancer does not kill his target, he leaves himself vulnerable. A long lance is less use in a melee than a sword, and a lancer is at a disadvantage once the close fighting starts, especially against well-trained infantry capable of forming square.\n\nHistorically, many nations used lancers. The French army adopted lancers with some enthusiasm, and Napoleon even included Polish lancers in his Imperial Guard. In India the lance had long been used as a weapon: lancer skills were often practiced by “pegging”, picking tent pegs out of the ground with the lance tip, or “pig-sticking”, the hunting of wild pigs or even wild dogs with the lance. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Lancer_Prussian_Brandenburg_Uhlans \n\nThe Brandenburg Uhlans are lucky enough to count some of the most experienced cavalrymen in Europe among their number. These men are excellent riders and can persuade their steeds into breathtaking acts of speed, be it to reach a surrounded friendly unit or to charge down a routing enemy unit. However, should these men find themselves in prolonged close combat they will quickly suffer heavy losses. They are best employed in short, sharp attacks that give them room to manoeuvre.\n\nHistorically, Major Fredirick von Schill of the Prussian army was the original commander of what would later become the Brandenburg Uhlans. It was his actions that would lead Fredrick II to rename the regiment. Schill decided that the newly-created state of Westphalia was ripe for rebellion and made the ill-advised decision to rise against Napoleon. This revolt was quickly crushed, and Schill paid a terrible price for his folly. He was decapitated, his body was dumped in an unmarked grave, and his head was sent to Jerome Bonaparte, the ruler of Westphalia, as a trophy. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Lancer_Prussian_Towarczys \n\nThe Towarczys lancers are a unique force in Prussian service: fast moving, and with high morale thanks to their self-belief. Trained to attack at the full gallop, their lances give them an advantage in the first few moments of hand-to-hand combat. This is often enough to break unprepared or disorganised enemies. Like all lancers, however, they are not good in a prolonged fight, and should withdraw and regroup rather than stay in a melee. Only a foolish commander would order them to attack prepared infantry in a square.\n\nOriginally, these troops had been the Bosniaks in Prussian service but, after 1800 they were recruited from Polish territory that had been recently conquered by Prussia. Despite the changes, they remained light lancers, indeed the only lancers in the Prussian army until the Uhlans were raised in 1808. The regiment adapted a traditional Polish idea of the nobility serving as cavalry officers called “towarzysz”, or companions. Originally, these men had joined the army with their followers, and their pay and privileges were entirely dependent on the size of their personal retinue. The Corps Towarczys was present at the Battle of Eylau in 1807, as part of the 3rd Division of the Prussian Corps; this small force was pretty much all that was left of the Prussian military after their crushing defeat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt in 1806. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Lancer_Russian_Cossack_Cavalry \n\nCossacks are cavalrymen without peer, as might be expected of steppe folk. There are few soldiers that can withstand their terrifying charge, making them excellent shock troops. As is often the case, their courage and eagerness to enter battle betrays a certain wildness; their undisciplined nature can find them plunging blindly into trouble, making them particularly vulnerable in melee.\n\nHistorically, Russians and other Eastern Europeans had an ambiguous relationship with the Cossacks. There was admiration for their warrior culture and freewheeling ways, yet a certain wariness of their wild nature. They lacked the discipline of other troops and had a certain fondness for drink, but it was their constant harassment that helped destroy Napoleon’s Grand Armee. Their reputation inspired fear in their enemies and won many a fight even before the Cossacks voiced their deafening war cries. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Light_Austrian_1st_Hussars \n\nLike other light cavalrymen, hussars have speed, “dash” and an elitist attitude towards their enemies. The 1st Hussars are, without exception, superb horsemen, and all have a certain independence of spirit that makes them ideal for chasing down widely scattered men. They carry curved sabres and, even though their charge is a powerful attack, they are weak when pitted against infantry in square and against heavy cavalry units.\n\nAustria had raised units of irregular Magyar horsemen called “huszarok” in the mid-15th Century, and they had fought bravely for Matthias Corvinus, Duke of Austria and the King of Hungary and Croatia, but it was not until the 1680s that regular hussar regiments were formed. Having proved their utility in Austrian service, other nations soon added hussars to their own armies and enthusiastically adopted hussar uniform as a fashion statement for cavalrymen. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Light_Austrian_Hungarian_Hussars \n\nLike other light cavalrymen, hussars have speed, “dash”, and an elitist attitude towards enemies. Hungarian hussars are, without exception, superb equestrians, as might be expected for a Magyar force. Their organisational origin as irregular forces, reputedly recruited from brigands and bandits, gives them a certain independence of spirit and makes them ideal for chasing down skirmishers and dealing with artillery units. They carry a curved sabre and, even though their charge is effective, they are still weak against infantry formed in square.\n\nHistorically, Austria had raised units of irregular Magyar horsemen called “huszarok” as far back as the mid-15th Century. They had fought bravely for Matthias Corvinus, the King of Hungary and Croatia and Duke of Austria, but it was not until the 1680s that regular hussar regiments were formed. Having proved their utility in Austrian service, other nations soon copied the ideas and hussars to their own armies. Many enthusiastically adopted hussar uniform as a fashion statement for cavalrymen. In some armies, hussar uniforms grew ever more gaudy, exaggerated, and rather lewdly suggestive in the cut of their very tight breeches! False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Light_Bedouin_Camel_Warriors \n\nLiving in a desert makes a man tough and ruthless, or dead. The weak do not survive, and this fierce life produces proud and dangerous warriors. Their battle skills have been honed by years of raiding, goat thievery and fighting against the more settled people of oasis villages. The smell of camels riding into battle terrifies horses, giving these Bedouin warriors the edge over European cavalry. However, should they meet European elite infantry their weakness becomes apparent as their cumbersome steeds make excellent targets.\n\nTraditionally, the name Bedouin is derived from the Arabic word ‘Bedu’ meaning ‘inhabitant of the desert.’ The Bedouin were among the most dangerous of desert tribes, fighting among themselves when outsiders weren’t available. Constantly on the move to find new pastures for their livestock, the Bedouin learned to live with the minimum of possessions and external support in the harshest of conditions. Loyalty to tribe and family was all that helped a man survive. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Light_British_15th_Hussars \n\n他の軽騎兵と同じように、ユサール騎兵はスピード、”突進力” そして敵に対してエリート意識を持っています。 第15ユサール隊は熟練の騎兵達から成り、接近戦と突撃において致命的です。 彼らはそのスピードにより、散兵を追撃したり砲兵部隊を対処するのに理想的です。 彼らは湾曲したサーベルを装備しており、突撃は強力ですが、 方陣を組んだ歩兵や重騎兵部隊相手では依然として不利です。\n\n第15ユサール隊は、ヨーロッパでユサール騎兵連隊が流行ると軽竜騎兵連隊から ユサール騎兵連隊に変えられました。ジョージ･アウグストゥス・エリオット大佐は ”エリオット軽騎兵”軽竜騎兵連隊を設立しました。 一年も経たないうちに連隊は684人の規模にまでになり、海外任務を命ぜられました。 彼らはエムスドーフの戦いでイギリス軍連隊に与えられたそれまでで最初の 戦闘勲章を得ました。ついに、連隊は第15ユサール隊となりました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Light_British_KGL_Light_Dragoons \n\n高速移動し高度に熟練した軽竜騎兵は便利で多目的です。 騎兵用マスケット銃を使用するためには下馬する必要がありますが、 彼らの真の能力は馬術にあります。戦場における柔軟性により、 彼らは砲兵と散兵に対して使用するのに理想的です。 しかしながら、もしよく訓練された歩兵の方陣と対戦してしまうと、 彼らの弱さはすぐにあらわになるでしょう。\n\n歴史的には、王立ドイツ人軍団の竜騎兵と軽竜騎兵は、 南イギリス海岸のウェイマウスに騎馬砲兵２個大隊と一緒に駐屯していました。 国王ジョージ３世はよく兵舎を訪れ、兵士達は王の特別なお気に入りでした。 彼は教練を見渡しながら兵士達の中を歩き、彼らとドイツの故郷について話したり、 冗談を言い合ったりしました。 視察の間、彼は竜騎兵の制服を着たりもしました。 この王立ドイツ人軍団の兵士達を視察する習慣は、 ジョージ３世で終わりにはなりませんでした。 当時のイギリス皇太子と他の王室一族はこの伝統を将来に向けて続けました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Light_French_5e_Hussards \n\nThese veterans of the American War of Independence possess hard-earned battle experience. Light and fast, they can quickly reach areas of the battlefield where they are most needed, cutting down the enemy with their curved sabres. Their speed makes them especially effective against units such as artillery and skirmishers, as they can close before taking too much fire. Heavier cavalry units or line infantry in square will overmatch the Hussards, as their mounts are chosen for speed, not strength.\n\nThe 5e Regiment de Hussards has its roots in the Legion de Lauzun, which was formed in 1778 and saw action during the American War of Independence. The regiment earned itself a reputation for bravery and stoic resolve at the Battle of Yorktown where it chased down a unit of light horse commanded by the famous British commander Banastre Tarleton. The Legion de Lauzun was renamed in 1793 and became the 5e Regiment de Hussards, seeing service in several key battles of the Napoleonic Wars before eventually being disbanded in November 1815. False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Light_French_Chasseurs_a_Cheval \n\n他の多くの騎兵部隊は好んで公認の軍帽の下に鉄製の兜をかぶっていましたが、 これらの軽騎兵達はそれさえも着用しません。 猟騎兵は剣と騎兵用マスケット銃、ピストルを持っていましたが、 敵本隊に突撃することは期待されず、単に敵を遠距離から攻撃して追跡するだけです。 これにより彼らは散兵と砲兵に対して効果的です。 彼らの馬は持久力が高く高速で、適切に面倒を見られていました。 馬なくしては騎兵は何も出来ないのです。 彼らはより重装備の騎兵や、よく訓練された歩兵の方陣と対戦すると脆弱です。\n\n歴史的には、猟騎兵はナポレオンにより”無敵”という堂々としたニックネームを与えられました。 この連隊の兵士達はGuides-a-chevalというイタリア戦役の時に ナポレオンの司令部を守るために創られた連隊出身の熟練兵です。 猟兵はナポレオンの個人護衛部隊として活動を続け、どこへでも彼について行きました。 この部隊とその兵士達に対するナポレオンの敬意は深く、 彼は定期的に彼らの堂々とした緑色の通常軍装を着て公共の場に現れました。 この愛着は彼の劇場感覚にも合うもので、彼の一般兵士との親しみ易さを強調しました。 False
unit_description_texts_long_description_text_Cav_Light_Hussars \n\nThese superb horsemen can be used as a screen for the main army, or for strategic scouting to locate the enemy. Hussar speed makes them ideal for targeting skirmishers and artillery: enemies have little chance to escape if hussars are sent against them. Hussars are armed with curved sabres, and can acquit themselves well in melee or during a charge, although they do not fare well against disciplined infantry or heavy cavalry.\n\nHistorically, hussars of all nations enjoyed the freebooting attitude of the Hungarian originals, and acted independently of the main army as much as they could. This was useful, because they could be sent out to do long patrols or reconnaissance, and possibly a little plundering. Their high-spirited approach to war was matched by their popinjay uniforms, some of the gaudiest ever to have been worn into battle. Hussar arrogance, however, was well deserved: in 1806 some 500 French hussars bluffed a 6,000-strong Prussian garrison at Stettin into surrendering the fortress there. False
ページ一覧